解:(法一)n=1时,a1=S1=3k+1当n≥2时,an=Sn-Sn-1=k•3n+1-k•3n-1-1=2k•3n-1数列为等比数列可知a1=3k+1适合上式,则2k=3k+1∴k=-1(法二)由等比数列的前n项和公式可得Sn=[a1(1-q^n)]/(1-q)=a1/(1-q)-a1/(1-q)·q^n∵Sn=1+k•3n∴a1/(1-q)=1,k=-a1/(1-q)=-1故答案为:-1