国 际 音 标 (共48个)
INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC SYMBOLS (48)
元音: (Vowels)
1. 前元音: (Front Vowels)
[ i: ] [ Ι ] [ e ] [ æ ]
2. 后元音: (Back Vowels)
[ ɑ : ] [ɒ ] [ɔ: ] [ ʊ ] [ u : ] [ ∧ ]
3. 中元音 (Central Vowels)
[ з: ] [ ə ]
4. 双元音 (Diphthongs)
[ eΙ ] [ əʊ ] [ aΙ ] [ aʊ ] [ ɔΙ ] [ Ιə ] [ ʊə ] [eə ]
辅音: (Consonants)
1. 爆破音: (Plosive Consonants)
[ p ] [ b ] [ t ] [ d ] [ k ] [ ɡ ]
2. 鼻音: (Nasal Consonants)
[ m ] [ n ] [ŋ ]
3. 舌侧音: (Lateral Consonants)
[ l ] ( [ ł ] )
4. 摩擦音: (Fricative Consonants)
[ f ] [ v ] [ θ ] [ ð ] [ s ] [ z ] [ ∫ ] [ ʒ ] [ r ] [ h ]
5. 破擦音: (Affricate Consonants)
[ t∫ ] [ dʒ ] [ ts ] [ dz ] [ tr ] [ dr ]
6. 半元音: (Semi-Vowels)
[ w ] [ j ]