简单说说《百年孤独》。这是一本非常伟大的小说,也很难用一两句话说明作者究竟要表达什么。我也是最近才读完。没有办法把我的感触直接分享给你,但在此可以简单提出以下视角,供你思考。
1、宏大的家族叙事。《百》的故事叙述了一家七代人的故事,我的问题是,仅仅是七代人的故事吗?事实上,作者在这里写下的是哥伦比亚民族的变迁,是一种人类文明从原始走向近代,最后迷失在近代迈向现代之际的寓言。故事引发的思考,都不仅仅限于个人。比如美国香蕉公司对马孔多(马贡多)的摧残,就是资本主义运作对于古老文明的摧残;比如火车带来的变化,就是现代全球化文明所遇到的同化危机……等等等等
2、幻想现实主义的巨作。我们都看过纯虚构的幻想主义文学作品,也都读过完全根据生活而来的现实主义作品。可我们很少有机会读到这样幻想与真实交融在一起,织成一个庞大的漩涡,如同圣经一般的故事。哪怕在故事最开始吉普寨人到来的集市上,就有梦幻的飞毯和现实的冰块。有纯情少女肉体与灵魂一同升天的神话,也有为了生存而变卖家产的生活心酸。仔细想想,这样的一种创作手法,难度决然高于纯粹的幻想主义和现实主义。
3、人物刻画。小说刻画了各式各样的人物,他们虽是同一个家族,而且共同分享了孤独的命运,然我们仔细去观赏每一个人物,都能发现他们是如此的独一无二。我最喜欢的人物是乌尔苏拉,她坚毅、勇敢、勤劳却保守、缺乏现象,在培育子子孙孙上付出的每一滴汗水,都让人感动。
4、主旨。小说的最终主题,是关于人生的种种孤独。这种孤独在小说中,渐渐演化成一个家族、甚至是一个民族一种文明的孤独。请仔细思考,孤独是必然的吗?每个人的孤独是怎样形成的?因为这种孤独,最终,一个家族从地球上消失。作者在这里,是不是要告诫我们什么?
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